Top Composter

The Urban Eco Map of San Francisco reports that my neighborhood is leading the city in pounds composed and is third overall! A wide margin separates the top two zip codes in composting. Is there an award?

As far as cities go, San Francisco is one of the cleanest and greenest in the US. We have great mass transit. Much of our energy comes from clean, renewable sources. We recycle 72% of our trash. And we are well on our way to reducing overall greenhouse gas emissions to 20% below 1990 levels – ahead of the Kyoto Protocol.

Balboa is in solid last place with huge amounts of CO2, energy used and very little recycling. There is no deeper analysis of the data on the site, just numbers. It would be nice if the Take Action page could be correlated to a neighborhood. Just by selecting all the waste action items I was able to get to 100% on the contribution chart, leaving energy and transportation untouched. That doesn’t seem right and inconsistent with the charts.

The Body Count at Home

A well-written Op-Ed in the NYTimes asks tough questions of security management in America:

In 2006, Nikki White died at age 32. “Nikki didn’t die from lupus,” her doctor, Amylyn Crawford, told Mr. Reid. “Nikki died from complications of the failing American health care system.”

“She fell through the cracks,” Nikki’s mother, Gail Deal, told me grimly. “When you bury a child, it’s the worst thing in the world. You never recover.”

We now have a chance to reform this cruel and capricious system. If we let that chance slip away, there will be another Nikki dying every half-hour.

That’s how often someone dies in America because of a lack of insurance, according to a study by a branch of the National Academy of Sciences. Over a year, that amounts to 18,000 American deaths.

After Al Qaeda killed nearly 3,000 Americans, eight years ago on Friday, we went to war and spent hundreds of billions of dollars ensuring that this would not happen again. Yet every two months, that many people die because of our failure to provide universal insurance — and yet many members of Congress want us to do nothing?

The difference in risk calculations has a lot to do with how we respond to things we perceive as under our control. In other words we fear most those things that we think will threaten our control, such as terrorism. Health issues, on the other hand, often are thought of in controlled terms and choices that we will be able to make — things to be treated or avoided through detection and prevention.

Will you get lupus? Check the data, consult with a professional…
Will you be a victim of a terrorist attack? Your imagination is the limit.

This is compounded by the timing of terrorism versus a disease. Nikki White died many years after first diagnosis. Her story is tragic and sad but it also gives a slightly different worry to most people than the sudden impact of something like a bomb in a crowded building. Fear of sudden death or harm is likely to be treated as a high priority compared with disease and health issues that manifest over time.

Another factor is due to communication and imagery. Burning buildings were broadcast across all media and Al Qaeda quickly became a name recognized in most households. However it is extremely rare to find a single compelling image in American news that can convey something like the 18,000 deaths mentioned above from lack of insurance.

Thus, it seems to me the story does an excellent job of conveying a lack of control, urgency, and shocking imagery of health care issues in America. Unfortunately I suspect the writing still pales in comparison to the hype and fear of terrorism. That is my guess why many members of Congress who would spend billions on a vague threat of terrorism now fail to support health-care reform that could save more lives.

Sustainable Whiskey

The Helius Group has announced a joint venture with The Combination of Rothes Distillers (CoRD) called Helius CoRDe. Their goal is to create a renewable (biomass-powered) combined heat and power (CHP) plant for whisky production on Speyside (northeastern Scotland).

The proposed £50 million project will use whisky distillery by-products to fuel a 7.2 MWe GreenSwitch biomass combined heat and power plant and a GreenFields plant which will turn the liquid co-product of whisky production, known as Pot Ale, into a concentrated organic fertiliser and an animal feed for use by local farmers.

This is the first biomass plant to use dark grains (draff) instead of wood as its fuel. The 7.2 MWe is equivalent to power for about 9,000 homes, yet the new CHP is expected to produce only 5,000 tons of CO2 emissions a year. A coal-fired plant of the same size would generate more than three times that amount. Perhaps the best thing about this news is that it makes whiskey, usually treated as a conservative and venerable industry, innovative and reconnects it to the conservation and sustainability of nature.

Here is a list of single malts in Speyside that could benefit from the new plant.

* Aberlour Single Malt
* Ardmore Single Malt
* Aultmore Single Malt
* Balmenach Single Malt
* Balvenie
* Benriach Single Malt
* Benromach Single Malt
* Cardhu Single Malt
* Cragganmore
* Dailuaine
* Dufftown Single Malt
* Glendronach Single Malt
* Glendullan Single Malt
* Glenfarclas Single Malt
* Glenfiddich Single Malt Scotch Whisky
* Glen Grant
* Glen Keith Single Malt
* The Glenlivet
* The Glenrothes
* Glentauchers Single Malt
* Glen Elgin
* Glen Moray
* Imperial Single Malt
* Inchgower Single Malt
* Knockando
* Linkwood Single Malt
* Lismore Single Malt
* Longmorn Single Malt
* The Macallan
* McClelland’s Speyside
* Miltonduff Single Malt
* Mortlach Single Malt
* Speyburn Single Malt
* The Speyside
* Strathisla Single Malt
* Tamnavulin Glenlivet Single Malt
* Tamdhu
* Tomintoul Single Malt
* Tormore Single Malt

Security Negligence and the Citizens Financial Bank Case

David Johnson’s review of Shames-Yeakel v. Citizens Financial Bank centers around concepts of “expeditious implementation” and “state-of-the-art” security measures.

At issue is whether Citizens can be held liable for negligence in a data breach case.

The plaintiffs claimed that while Citizens had begun to make some of these [multi-factor authentication] changes in 2007, it should have adopted them years earlier. They pointed to a 2005 documents authored by the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC) with found that single factor authentication was inadequate and discussed tokens as an alternative. See http://www.ffiec.goc/pdf/authentication_guidance.pdf.

Noting these facts, the Court concluded: “In light of Citizens’ apparent delay in complying with FFIEC security standards, a reasonable finder of facts could conclude that the bank breached its duty to protect Plaintiffs’ account against fraudulent access.” Accordingly, the Court let the plaintiffs’ negligence claim go forward.

The Court’s conclusion in this case is not surprising. It is very difficult for a defendant to meet the summary judgment motion standards on the element of standard of care. However, the Court’s decision that a failure to expeditiously implement state-of-the art security procedures can constitute a breach of the standard of care is also an indication of how a jury might decide this case, as well. Cyber-security may be a rat race. Unfortunately, you may not be able to stop running.

Definitely an interesting case to watch. Multi-factor authentication specified by the FFIEC has been implemented in various manners by banks to “comply” with the letter. The case hopefully will therefore explore what constitutes a reasonable level of security for this one control and beyond (i.e. should everything center on this one vulnerability, and the failure to address it, or is weak authentication just a symptom of wider negligence). The bank will have a hard time explaining the reason(s) for delay, which could help provide a more formal idea to others of how to prioritize security within their compliance programs. The case may also help regulators step up their audits as they can now point to negligence claims as a sort of bad-cop enforcement scenario — auditors may play up the good-cop trying to help a bank avoid trouble down the road.