Heartland Breached Again?

Austin, Texas local news reports the police department has named Heartland in a payment card breach at Tino’s Greek Cafe.

“Through our investigation and through the investigation of the credit card companies, we’ve determined the compromise was not at the restaurant itself. It was somewhere in the network,” APD Sgt. Matthew Greer said. APD said a computer hack at Heartland Payment Systems, where the payments were processed, is a possible source of the problem.

Possible source. Not very encouraging. This has left the door open for Heartland to register disbelief and uncertainty.

“Recent reports of data theft at one Austin-area merchant clearly point to a localized intrusion initiated within the stores, either in their point-of-sale system or as a result of other fraud,” Heartland Payment Systems said in a statement.

So this time (or should I say so far) Heartland has not pointed the finger at auditors and QSAs or other payment card processing companies for leaving them in the dark. Quick flashback: Heartland’s CEO last year gave an odd reason for being breached.

The false [PCI DSS] reports we got for 6 years, we have no recourse. No grounds for litigation. That was a stunning thing to learn. In fairness to QSAs, their job is very difficult, but up until this point, we certainly didn’t understand the limitations of PCI and the entire assessment process.

PCI compliance never meant an entity could not be breached. A CEO can say he was misled, or misinformed, but it is not the responsibility of the QSA for that CEO to know the rules.

The Heartland CEO is saying the equivalent of a citizen should rely on a police officer to know the driving laws and if they crash they should be able to litigate against their driving test examiner. That is not how compliance works.

Complicating Heartland’s position is another recent Austin retail payment card breach, which also used them as a processor. Their image in the public eye is not exactly one of security so they should have to prove that a “localized” incident actually removes them from the fix.

As it happens the fix reported in the news makes Heartland appear involved more, not less. The police say the breach came from a weak link between the point-of-sale and the processor. The fix is to stop sending Heartland payment information over the Internet — processing is done over plain old telephone service (POTS) again. An architecture change such as this is usually not due to a localized flaw. Other retailers who connect to Heartland over the Internet might be asking themselves if they should dust off their modems.

One might think that Heartland’s recent efforts with end-to-end encryption would play directly into this issue and they would step up and wave their giant hand over the tiny merchant to make the problem go away. Instead they take a tough negotiation stance that angers the merchant.

Heartland issued a statement denying any involvement in the Tino’s breach, saying the problems, “clearly point to a localized intrusion initiated within the stores, either in their point-of-sale system or as a result of other fraud…the company is unaware of any broader issue.”

“I think that’s very irresponsible of them to issue a statement like that,” said [Tino’s restaurant co-owner] Nouri.

It might not be a broader issue, just a misconfiguration or flaw in communications security, but that still implicates Heartland. They do seem responsible.

When they use words like “unaware” it reminds me of when I presented in November 2005 at the Retail Security Forum in Chicago, Illinois a model for end-to-end encryption that would solve the problem described above. It was called “Manage Identities and Keys for the Retail Risk Model”. In fact, it described exactly a solution for what Heartland’s CEO started to discuss publically three years later (after the Hannaford Brothers breach) and their CIO started talking about four years later.

True end-to-end encryption to us, and what we’re putting forward as the standard, [starts] from the time the digits leave the magstripe on the consumer’s card, and is turned from analogue data into digital data, [and continues] all the way through the terminal, through the wires, through our host processing network until we securely deliver it to the brands. That’s end-to-end encryption.

They do seem aware of the broader issue. Whether or not this breach turns out to be on the point of sale or the network, I hope the APD will be able to push Heartland towards more awareness and accountability and get them to drop the “unaware” defensive line.

MyParents on MySpace

This seems like a nice idea: better parents would make kids safer online.

This astonished me. Here I was, only 23 and childless, and I was telling adults how to parent their teen! At that point I realized the awful truth: lots of people just don’t know how to raise their kids.

The same situation holds true for MySpace. The company can hire all the security officers it wants, and it could replace every ad with a flashing banner that says “DO NOT TRUST RANDOM STRANGERS!!!”, and send fliers to every parent in America … and bad things would still happen to kids connected to MySpace. A lot of parents aren’t very good at parenting, and part of being a teenager is saying and doing stupid things (I’m example number one for that particular precept), trying to socialize as much as possible, and worrying at the same time about your hair and your weight and your zits and your clothes.

It is a story from 2006. The MySpace reference might have given it away. Remember how 2006 was full of stories about the need for better parenting and education of parents?

Symantec marketing published a product press release. Politicians in America rattled ideas around on the hill. Microsoft released a guide in 2006 that was last updated in 2008 (a dead link in 2019, try this instead). You can blame me (at least partially) for the https://security.yahoo.com/ site. The result?

That was then. If the goal was to make parents better, I do not think the mission succeeded. Educating parents about threats and vulnerabilities has not generating a market for better parenting skills and eduction tools but rather fueled demand for surveillance. That is probably because a lot of the parenting lists include phrases like “supervise and monitor”.

Kids who are growing up today are less likely to be able to benefit from a hypothetical “if only your parents were better” discussion and more likely to be faced with a barrage of parental surveillance controls. In other words they are being raised not so much to be informed about choices but rather the presence of perimeters and monitoring controls. I suppose this is not much different than before (e.g. learning to sneak out the bedroom window) but it is interesting to me how the discussion has chilled and changed since 2006; not many progress reports to be found.

Tea Authenticity

A video on EuroNews says there is a process called “geographical provincing” that detects an element signature of plants — identifies the dirt where it was grown.

Apparently this type of research is being done (funded?) to trace drugs like heroin and marijuana. Science Daily has a detailed story on how this started and the goals of law enforcement — police in Alaska wanted to see if they could prove that marijuana seized in raids was grown at lower latitudes, and to see if they could defeat a “grown for personal use” argument.

The drug issues are interesting but the title and script of the EuroNews video raises a whole new debate. It suggests that someone is thinking about using these signatures for other types of plants. They give the example of Darjeeling Tea, which has at least three times the amount of tea labeled Darjeeling than is actually grown.

Almost 40 million kg is sold as “Darjeeling Tea” when the actual production capacity is just 10 million. Most of this teas comes from Sri Lanka and Kenya and in an effort to stop this market a logotype is developed. Some of the fake tea is called Lanka Darjeeling or Hamburg Darjeeling but most of the time it’s called Pure Darjeeling.

Is there demand for authenticity? Most people eat unauthentic meals without worry. Consider Wisconsin cheddar in America. Cheddar is the name of a village in England where the cheese is supposed to be from. Courts have ruled however that the name is now generic due to use by imitators so you can basically call anything you want a cheddar. Feta cheese, which has been far less copied, can keep its protected status. With this in mind it turns out that America has formally opposed the use of geographical indicators:

The stakes for the United States are high not only because of the potential loss of generic names, but also because the country uses certain marks–under U.S. trademark law–to protect geographical indications. U.S. agricultural product exports are potentially threatened because U.S. certification marks would not be protected. GI protection would take precedence over certification marks, as indicated in the EU proposal.

Harm from loss of generic names? Wine and Spirits, under Article 23 of TRIPS from the WTO, seems to be the only category supported by the US but even that is not safe, as I have written before here and here. Budweiser, for example, was a name copied from a company in the Czech Republic that used it for five hundred years before America even existed.

Thus, while element signatures and authenticity of a product sounds great for consumers it probably will be tied up in a complicated international legal battle over generics and imitations. It could be fun to imagine tea kettles that would test and only brew authentic leaves, or coffee pots that would alarm on unauthentic grounds (pun not intended), but history says the market will drive more innovation in imitation rather than warm up to tools that detect what is “real”. Maybe if they marketed it as a tool to detect what is safe? Nobody wants a potato from Chernobyl soil. Then again it might make more sense just to detect contaminants instead of geographic location.

Nairobi Motorbike Boys

Interesting look at the economics of security: Nairobi’s motorbike boys improving their own slum

“Sometimes I use these bikes when I’m late from work, because the road is not safe at night,” one passenger said. “So these bikes really help us a lot!”

The irony is, the Dirt Island’s motorbike taxi service is being run by precisely the kind of young men who might have menaced their passengers in the past. Many of the motorbike boys were once offenders.