The controversy reveals a brewing battle over governance by a private testing firm of its own methods:

An attorney representing ETS conceded that it was impossible to know whether students took advantage of the poor proctoring at the high school to cheat, but said it would be unfair to other AP test takers throughout the nation to allow their scores to stand.

“ETS is a testing service, not a law enforcement agency,” ETS attorney Bruce M. Berman wrote in a letter sent Monday to the attorney representing the students. “Thus, it is not required to prove that test takers cheated as a prerequisite to canceling scores. . . . . Individual attestations of innocence are irrelevant.”

Do they charge for a re-test? Was it the fault of the school, the proctor, or the testing group that gaps were found in security during the test?